Siphonproof flushometer and bowl combination



April 23, 1935. c. c. CAMPUS '1,998,861

SIPHONPROOF FLUSHOMETER AND BOWL COMBINATION Filed May 14, 1954 s sheets-sheet 1 J, d I.. .11.1 n. 1w. A

April 23? 1935. c.,c. CAMPUS A 1,998,861

SIPHONPROOF FLUSHOMETER AND BOWL COMBINATION I FiledvMay 14, 1954 s sheets-sheet 2 5 W A v 54/ l' 5o 4048 I N VEN TOR.

AApril 23, 1935. c. c. CAMPUS 1,998,861

SIPHONPROOF FLUSHOMETER AND BOWL COMBINATION Filed May 14, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 2 INVENTOR.

Patented Apr. 23, 1935 unam SIPHONPEOOF FLUSHOMETEB AND' BOWL COMBINATION Cesare C. Campus, Santa Monica. Calif. Application May 14, 1934, Serial No. '185,438

'I'his invention relates to a Siphon-proof flushometer, equipped with a V2" inlet ior the water supply, in combination with a closet bowl; this arrangement is broadly new. This ilushometer 5 in order to positively prevent baekegiphoning, is

provided with an 'air inlet equal to the internal movable parts, to prevent the spilling of water through said air inlet; this also is broadly new.v

The spilling of water through said inlet is prevented by providing the passage for the ilushing 'water into the water closet of suitable size as to prevent the water from overiiowing through said air inlet, and the rim of the bowl is also provided with means to prevent stagnant water from remaining therein.

Another characteristic is that when the piston valve is seated, no metal parts contact with one another, thus eliminating the possibility o! their sticking, which would prevent the valve from working. Also, as the valve is not rigidly guided, ithas a chance to adapt itself on the seat, thus taking care of any imperfection of any of the other members, thus leakageis eliminated, even at a very low water pressure.

The danger of back-Siphoning cannot be positively eliminated by the use oi a check valve. or mechanism provided with movable parts.-

Check valves are the mechanism most used to prevent back-Siphoning, as they allow the air to enter the supply pipeline, in order to break the vacuum, when it occurs therein, and to prevent the water from spilling through the air inlet at the time the valve is operated. O1' course these two described functions will be satisfactorily performed, as long as the said check valve is in good order. It must also be considered that the size of the air inlet in the ushometers at present in use, is indeed too small to be considered practical for the intended purpose, and especially-when the safety of public health depends on such an unreliable device, as above described.

All iiushometers are too noisy to be practical for private dwellings, but, when they are installed in private homes, in order to eliminate this inconvenience, the water is throttled by the water supply control valve; but this method is satisfactory only as longA as the pressure in the main water supply does not drop to a point where the flushing of the bowl cannot be achieved, unless the control valve is regulated accordingly.

'I'he object of my invention is to eliminate all of the above described inconveniences.

In all forms embodying my invention, the principal elements and results are:

(a) The shell of the iiushometer is provided with an air inlet of the same area as that of the inside diameter of the supply pipeline, workingincombinationwiththepassagesinthewater closet, ot suitable sine to prevent of water from the said air inlet withoutthe help ot a check-valve or movable part. t

a 1 Positive summation or bwk-inhuman nomechanismisnecessarytocontroi'theairinlet oitheushingvalve.. -A

' (c) Elimination of noise, dueto the tact that the scouring .and the reiilling water enter. the bowl at an exceedingly low pressure; the nushing iet also works at a reasonably low pressure,l which was practically proven, when nu invention was reduced to practice about two-yearsiago, and again improved about a year .80.11141 still further improved a few months ago.` and tested-in my home in Sants. Monica. wheregthe maximum static pressure is about lbs. The -followlng Tablesja'and B show theworking pressure oi the `.iet under 'diilerent pressures. which were regulatedby a Mueller regulator valve, 1h"A size.

The experiment described in Table A was made with a siphoniet nozzle of internal diameter, and the' experiment described in Table B was made with a siphon iet nozzle oi intei-nal diameter. l

marmi diameter or me sipnon :anulan aff.'

Pressure in the Working pressure supplypipeline (ArV loitheiet Lbs. f ALbs Internal diameter oi' the siphon iet nome Pressure in the Working prsure supply pipeline (B) of the iet Lbs. Lbs. 15 9 20 12 25 18 30 18 35 20 40 22 45 22 50 22 55 22 60 22 65 24 Table B shows that from 40 lbs. to 60 lbs. the working pressure of the jet remained constant at 22 lbs. and started to rise again at 65. Evidently the constant working pressure from 40 lbs. to 60 lbs. was due to the fact that although the pressure. in the pipeline was increased, the passage in the nozzle was large enough to prevent a gradual increase of the pressure, but as soon as the pressure in the pipeline reached 65 lbs. the working pressure of the siphon jet started to increase again, showing that the passage of the nozzle was not large enough to take care of the volume of water at 65 lbs. pressure, supplied through a 1/2" standard supply pipeline, about 57 feet long.

Table (A) shows no constant pressure in any of the experiments, but a gradual increased pressure, due to the small sized internal diameter of the jet. Table (A) also shows that the water supply at 60 lbs. produced a jet of 44 lbs. working pressure, whereas table (B) shows that 60 lbs. water supply pressure produces a-jet of 22 lbs.- exactly hundred per cent less, due to the larger internal diameter of the nozzle.

Table (B) shows a 9 lbs. working pressure of the jet, which ilushed the bowl most emciently; in fact, more than 2 lbs. of pea gravel were put into the bowl, covering the inlet of the trap, (about one inch above) also a rag l5" :c 10, about 1/8" thick, 2 4 matches and two ounces of blueing; all of the above was completely flushed at one ushing.

A second experiment was made by raising the working pressure of the jet to 22 lbs. The result was most surprising; in fact 60 feet of toilet paper was flushed at once; in another experiment 20 lbs. of pea gravel covering the entrance of the trap more than three inches, were also iiushed completely, and iinally in another experiment, 250 ordinary woodenhousehold matches, 21/2" long and 1/8 thick were completely flushed out. This is a convincing result that a nozzle of larger internal diameter is preferable, because of its eiliciency and because oi' the constant working pressure resulting from 40 lbs. to 60 lbs. as shown in Table (B). f

It is understood that the jet could not be made much larger than when a 1.2 standard supply pipeline is used, therefore, the internal diameter of the jet nozzle is subordinate to the diameter of the supply pipeline and the pressure therein.

The other features and advantages of the valve will be further on described.

This method of flushing a bowl in three different operations is not broadly new, as the following patents show: F.l H. Paradice, Patent No. 666,152, Jan. .15, 1901; W. Scott, Patent No.

796,458, Aug. 8, 1905; W..C. Groeninger, Patent No.

1,896,950, Feb. 7, 1933; but in my case, although my invention is not broadly new, it is substantially dierent.

'Ihe Scott apparatus is provided with a nozzle, projecting the water parallel to the upper leg of the trap, impinging against `the wall of the downward leg of said trap; the size of the orlce of the jet could not be less than 5/4", as that of all other bowls at present in use. In my case the orice of the jet is much smaller, namely about 2?," and a smaller jet of 1%" was extensively described in my Patent 1,928,717, issued October 3, 1933. In my case, the jet projects against the wall of the upper leg of the trap, but below the level of the sealing water; the angle of the jet varies according to the type of bowl, but to obtain a satisfactory ushing, the jet must always impinge against the Wall of the upper leg of the trap and below the level of the sealing water. In my present invention, the jet projects in a downward direction, impinging against the bottom wall of the orifice of the trap; this arrangement is necessary when a wash-down bowl is used. Scott valve will never flush with a 1/2 water supply.

The conduit of the water supply to the jet in the Scott apparatus is not equipped with a jet control valve, independent from the main control valve of the water supply. The Scott apparatus is a blow-out, and very noisy type of bowl, which does not requide Siphon action of iiushing; in fact the trap shown in Fig. 1 does not show any choke, as is usually required to obtain a siphonic action; my bowl flushes by siphon action and the passages in the rim are of suitable size to prevent spilling of water through the 1fiushometer air inlet, thus working in combinaion.

The Scott apparatus has no mechanism to prevent back-siphoning. In flushing valves of the three-cycle type it is to be noted that the valve does not dispose of the entire volume of water at one time to flush the bowl, as in the case of the ordinary flush valve working in combination with the ordinary bowl, but in the three-cycle type the entire volume is divided into about three equal parts, which consecutively discharge into the bowl. Therefore, it is not necessary to have the area of the oriiices discharging into the bowl as large as if the entire volume of water were being disposed of at one time. Nevertheless, backbuilding of the water is readily prevented.

Experiments and calculations with reference to the area of the discharge orifice into the bowl have been made with the following results:

The discharge end of the valve has been connected to the bowl and the inlet to a main supply with a half-inch standard pipe forty feet long with the water pressure in the main as high as one hundred pounds, which pressure is rarely, it ever, encountered in municipal supply systems as used today. By having the conduit area of the orifices from which the water discharges into the bowl, namely, the perforations under the rim and the jet orifices, approximately ten times larger than the area of the internal diameter of the supply pipe, operation of the valve causes no leakage or overflow to occur through the unobstructed air inlet of the valve casing, showing that no back-building is present. It is unnecessary to consider a pressure higher than one hundred pounds as this is very seldom, if ever, encountered, becauseof the fact that the fixtures are not built to withstand any such pressure.

It will be seen from the foregoing that in view of the fact that a three-cycle flush valve dispenses only one-third of the total volume of water at a time, it is unnecessary to increase the total area of the orifices greatly from that present in standard bowls of present' day use. In the ordinary so-called wash-down bowl as known today, and which is probably most in use, the area of the orifices discharging into the bowl is approximately seven and one-half times larger than the area. of the internal diameter of a one-half inch supply pipe line, which area is represented by twenty-eight pertorations of substantially one-fourth inch diameter. By adding ten more pertorations of the same diameter the total area is increased to a total ratio of 1 to 10 This operation will take care of back-building of the water with a pressure up to one hundred pounds. It is to be understood that this phase of the inventon is not necessarily limited to a half-inch supply pipe line, but that regardless of the size of the supply pipe line if the ratio of 1: 10 is maintained no backbuilding will take place.

The Scott apparatus is provided with a piston valve, a sleeve valve and a stationary piston valve projecting into the center of said sleeve, practically the Scott flushometer is equipped with three valves. In my case, an ordinary piston valve is used, which mechanism has no similarity whatsoever with the Scott mechanism.

The distribution of the water in the Scott valve is also performed in a different manner; in fact, when the scouring and refilling .take place the jet supply conduit is entirely cut off, thus preventing the water from going through; in my case, the jet supply conduit is constantly supplied with water, namely both when the scouring as well as the refilling take place. The Scott valve must t accurately to work, but an accurate fitting is against an apparatus of this kind because if the valve is not operated for a few months, the parts will stick together and if the fitting is too loose, the water leaking through, will prevent the mechanism from giving the desired result.

In my case, the piston valve when seated, no metal parts come in contact with one another, and as the fitting is very loose, in fact there is 1A," clearance in the opening of the valve seat, and 11g clearance in the annular passage controlling the jet in combination with the small piston valve ring, when in all types of piston valves the fitting is very close, only a few thousandths (0".006) This fitting is to prevent the refilling water from being flushed.

The foregoing objects and advantages, together with my subsequent features which may 'be developed in the description, maybe best appreciated from a description read in conjunction with the-drawings in which:

Fig. 1 shows a side view of the bowl and a fragment of the valve, to show the control valve of the jet and shape of the rear of the rim, for the complete drainage to prevent stagnant water from remaining therein, and the hub to hold the nozzle. l

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of Fig. 1 partly in section.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary elevation partly in section viewed from the left hand side of Fig. 4.

Fig. 4 shows a front view sectioned on line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 represents a plan view on line 2-2 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a plan view on line 3-3 of Fig. 4.

Figs. '7, 8, 9, and 10 show a fragment of the valve, housing the piston valve in different phases.

Fig. 11 shows a fragment of the apparatus, showing the operating handle of the valve protruding from the lid of the toilet seat, which is in a raised position.

Fig. 12 shows the lower side of the piston valve which forms part of my invention.

The construction of my invention, shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4,' 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 inclusive, is as follows:

1 in Fig; 1 shows et wash-down type bowl, all passages therein of suitable size to prevent the flushing water from leaking through the air inlet of the flushing valve, thus working in combination with air inlet of flushing valve 8, showing a fragment thereof, connected to the, bowl with spud 9. Control valve I0 for the jet, thus preventing a noisy flushing when the water supply is of very high pressure; II water supply jet conduit; I2 the jet nozzle; I3 shows the rear end of the rim suitably shaped to prevent stagnant water from remaining therein as happens in common wash-down bowls, as illustrated in Fig. 2. Of course if the flushing water inlet is located at the side, as shown in Fig. 2, and the fiushing valve isV not Siphon-proof, the water remains stagnant in well I4 Fig. 2, and is subject to being backsiphoned; I5 in Fig. 1 shows a nozzle formed in the rim, for the purpose of wetting the paper.

Fig. 2 shows a side view of the apparatus, the flushing valve 8 housing piston valve I6, shown in inoperative position, with plenty clearance I8 and I9 to prevent the valve from sticking. Clearance I8 is 1/8" all around, and clearance I9 is 11g all around; this is plenty to entirely eliminate the possibility of the valve sticking to the valve shell. 20 shows the inlet port for the water supply to the by-pass. 2| are the leather cups; 22 the guiding cone which brings the narrow piston valve 23 into position in the upper stroke of the valve, which controls the `iet pressure, more specilcally illustrated and described in Figs. '7, 8, 9 and 10. 24 shows the discharge end of the flushing valve; 25, a flushing pipe, such as is ordinarily connected to a water closet bowl; 26 the elbow connecting theA valve to the bowl in combination with spud 9, such as is also ordinarily connected to a water closet, when located at the back or on top of a bowl, as shown in Fig. l. 21 shows jet conduit without a control device, which isvpreferable for pressure not above lbs. The inlet thereof is continually open, therefore, at any time the valve is unseated, the water will enter therein, as more specifically explainedin the description of Figs. '7, 8, 9, and 10. I2 shows the nozzle in section. Rim I3 is provided with inclined passages 28, to obtain a whirling action of the water, thus rendering the flushing more efficient. Jet 29 is shown impinging downwardly at the foot of inlet 30 of trap 3 I, and under vthe level of the relllng water 32. 33 shows the cover of the flushing valve and 36 the slip-joint nipple. f

Fig. 3 is a side view of the flushometer, showing front view of handle 34, cover 33, inlet 35 for the water supply, water supply conduit 21 and slipjoint nipple 36.

Fig. 4 is a side view in section on line 4 4 of Fig. 3, showing valve shell 8 carrying cover 33, housing piston valve I6. 'I'he top thereof, forms no part of this invention, and may be of any suitable automatic type generally used in flushing valves. The lower end is a combination of a valve and guide; 23 is a narrow piston valve controlling the jet, and discharge end 24 is a guide, which, in combination with cone 22 will guide narrow piston valve 23 through annular opening 31. 38 shows the air inlet, free of any checkvalve or mechanism for the control thereof, to break the vacuum whenever it occurs in the supply pipeline. The size of this air inlet is the same as that of the internal diameter of the supply pipeline to which the valve is connected, thus allowing enough air to supply the water supply pipeline at any time the vacuum occurs therein, thus eliminating any possibility that any of the contents of the bowl be back-Siphoned, as when a small air inlet is used and a sustained intensive vacuum occurs, or, if for any reason, the checkvalve or any of the parts fail to work; in case the vacuum occurs in the pipeline, main valve 39 or auxiliary valve 40, or maybe both, will open, through which the air will enter the supply pipeline, thus breaking the vacuum. When the flushing valve works .under normal conditions, conduit 4| will convey the exhaust water from dash-pot chamber (A) into the bowl, and the air also, which is continually supplied, into rim I3 of bowl Lthus the water enters into the bowl promptly and vigorously, which is not the case with an ordinary flushing valve. In addition, this arrangement is noiseless, which is not the case when a vent is used, where the air enters with great velocity, and also in view of the reduced size of the air inlet. 34 shows the operating handle; this also does not form part of my invention as it may be of any type generally employed in flushing valves; 43 is the cover for the chamber of the auxiliary valves; 44 is the guide for said auxiliary valve 40 provided with ports 45 for the exit of the exhaust water from dash-pot chamber (A); 46 is the rubber seat for the auxiliary valve; spring 41 keeps rubber seat in position, 48 is a partition suitably placed to prevent exhaust from dashpot chamber (A) from spilling through air inlet 38, the eillciency and practicability of which was shown in all instances under a very hard test. From this Fig. 4, which is naif of the fun size, showing the proportion and the shape of the valve, it can be seen that it does not apparently differ from an ordinary valve, but has no similarity with any of the three-cyclel flushing valves shown in the above mentioned patents.

By three-cycle flushing valves referred to above I mean that type of valve which controls each phase of the flushing of the closet bowl, namely, the scouring by opening communication between the supply line and rim conduit; secondly, it controls the flushing of the bowl by opening communication between .thevsupply line and the flushing jet conduit, and third, the refilling operation by repeating the operation of the first phase. Wherever, therefore, the expression three-cycle is used it is intended to describe such an operation as distinguishes from that type of valve which, when operated, releases almost immediately a volume of water into the bowl which scours, flushes and refills, which may be called a fone-action or one cycle type of valve.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 3, showing a. fragment of supply pipeline 35, air conduit 4I, and a fragment of main valve 39, inlet 2li for supply dash-pot chamber (A) through by-pass 49 more clearly shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a plan view on line 3 3 of Fig. '4, showing water supply pipeline 35, air inlet 38, conduit 4I and partition 48, by-pass 49, main valve 39, outlet 50 for the water from dash-pot chamber (A) without showing the auxiliary valve and the guide thereof.

Figs. '7, 8, 9 and l0 show the various working phases of the valve. When handle 34 is operated, the valve will immediately .rise from the position, as shown in Fig. 4, and will take a position as shown in Fig. 7; in this rising of the valve, no scouring, flushing or refilling will take place, owing to the great velocity with which it rises; but as soon as operating handle is released, the valve will start slowly on its downward stroke; 'this speed is regulated by the size of the orifice of the by-pass. It can be seen that annular passage 5I and discharge end 24 of flushing valve 39 will allow the water to accomplish the scouring of the bowl (note also that the water will also enter supply jet conduit 21, but at almost no pressure) as soon as the valve reaches the position shown in Fig. 8, annular passage 31 will close, thus conveying the water supply into the jet conduit 21, and owing to the small passage thereof, compared to that in annular opening 31. the pressure will rise, according to the static pressure in the supply pipeline, described specifically in Tables (A) and (B) thus obtaining the flushing action for the bowl.

Fig. 9 shows the beginning of the refilling action, and the ending of the flushing action, as the water that enters the jet supply conduit will have no pressure from now on, thus preventing flushing of the refilling water for the sealing ofv the trap.

Fig. l0 shows the reseating oi the valve in its original position before it is operated, as shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 11 shows a fragment of bowl 1 equipped with toilet seat 52 carrying lid 53, shown in a raised position, to show handle 34 protruding from one side of the lid, which permits operation of the valve without the necessity of lowering the lid 53 to ilnd the operating handle of the flushingvalve, as is usually the case in all ordinary ushing valves, when connected to the closet in the same position as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. To avoid said inconvenience, the seat for closet bowls, equipped with flushing valves, mounted at the center at the rear end of the bowl, do not carry any lid, but for home use the lid is required; one of the reasons being that it can be used as a seat.

Fig. l2 shows the details of the lower part of the piston valve'formed in three pieces; holder I6, provided with conicity 22 to guide ring valve 23 into position for the control of the siphon jet, and kept in position by the threaded extension of discharge end 24 of the flushing valve, screwed into holden I8, thus forming one piece; the other end of the holder is provided with threaded extension 54 to be screwed to piston valve, thus forming one piece therewith.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the purpose of my invention has been accomplished by the device as shown, economically and without complications, and by having reduced to practice said invention, the advantages described herein have proven to be real facts.

Obviously, other forms will readily suggest themselves, it is therefore my intention to include all such forms and modications of my invention that come within the range anscope of the invention, as expressed in the appended claims.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. A water closet provided with means to drain the water from the rim of said closet, said means including an inclined bottom at; the rear end of the rim, thus preventing the water from remaining stagnant in the rim.

2. The combination with a water closet bowl provided with a jet nozzle and havng a. supply pipe, of a flushing valve discharging the flow of wate from said supply to the bowl, a casing for said valve, said casing having an unobstructed air inlet communicating at all times with atmosphere and with the discharge side of said flushing valve whereby back siphoning is prevented, and means for preventing leakage of water through said air inlet.

3. In a water closet having a flushing jet directed into the-bowl, the combination of a valve casing provided with a valve seat, a flushing valve cooperating with the seat, means for operating l? l v1,998,861

said valve to discharge water therefrom to the flushing jet, and means carried by the valve and cooperating with the casing to causev initial and nal flow of Water through the flushing jet at relatively low pressure in insuicient amount to ilush the bowl, and an intermediate flow through the iiushing;` jet at relatively high pressure to flush the bowl.

4. In a water closet having a flushing jet directed into the bowl, the combination of alvalvecasing provided with a valve seat, a ushing valve cooperating with the seat, means for operating Said valve to discharge water therefrom to the iiushing jet, means carried by the valve and cooperating with the casing to cause initial and nal iiow of water through the iiushing jet at relatively low pressure and an intermediate now through the flushing jet; at relatively high pressure to flush the bowl, said means when in inoperative position being spaced from the casing to prevent freezing thereof to the casing.

5. In a water closet having a flushing jet conduit and a conduit supplying the rim thereof; a water supply pipe, and means for directing the water from the supply pipesimultaneously to both the ilushing jet conduit and to the rim conduit, then directing the ow entirely through the flushing jet conduit to flush the bowl, then through both conduits, and nally shutting oil the water supply; said means consisting of a flush valve having therein a mechanism actuated by the pressure of the incoming water.

6. In a water closet having a flushing jet conduit and a conduit supplying the rim thereof; a Water supply pipe, and means for directing the water from the supply pipe simultaneously to both the flushing jet conduit and to the rim conduit, then directing substantially the entire now through the flushing jet conduit to flush the bowl,

then through both conduits and nally shutting' 01T the water supply; said means consisting of a flush valve, and a piston actuated valve member therein actuated by the pressure of the incoming water.

'1. In a water closet having a ushing jet supi ply conduit and a rim supply conduit; a flush valve having a water inlet, a flushing jet conduit outlet for said valve in open communication with said water inlet throughout the open position of said valve, and means cooperating with said valve during the closing movement of the valve to close communication from the Water inlet to the rim supply conduit and to direct the discharge only through one ilushing jet supply conduit.

8. In a water closet having a flushing jet conduit and a rim supply conduit, a water supply pipe, and means for directing the flow of water from the said supply pipe simultaneously through said flushing jet conduit and rim supply conduit, said means consisting of a flush valve structure so arranged that during a'portion of its open position, the pressure in the flushing jet conduitv is greater than during the remainder of its open position.

9. In a water closet having a flushing jet directed into the bowl and a rim having discharge openings therein; a jet` conduit connected to the jet; a conduit of larger diameter than the flushing jet conduit connected to the rim, and means for controlling the supply of water to said conduitsv consisting ol' a valve casing having a chamber therein, a water supply connection to said chamber, a piston in said chamber, said chamber having a discharge opening, a valve member carried by said piston cooperating with the discharge opening, a second chamber communicating through said discharge opening in open communication with said flushing jet conduit, a bowl conduit connection for said second chamber, and

means for closing said last named connection during a portion of the movement of said piston.

10. In a Water closet having a flushing jet conduit and a rim supply conduit connected thereto; means for controlling the ilow of water in said conduits comprising, a valve casing having a water inlet discharging into a piston chamber therein, said casing having a distributor chamber having a valve opening communicating with the piston chamber; a valve opening connecting with the rim supply conduit connection; a piston in the piston chamber, a valve member carried by the piston'cooperating with the valve opening between the piston chamber and the distributing chamber, and a second valve member carried by the piston, cooperating with the Valve opening between the distributor chamber and the rim supply conduit connection, said flush jet conduit being in open communication with the distributor chamber at all times.

11. In a water closet having a ilushing jet conduit and a rim supply conduit connected thereto, means for controlling the ow of water to said conduits comprising, a valve casing having a water inlet discharging into the piston chamber therein, said casing having a distributor chamber having a valve opening communicating with the piston chamber and a valve ,opening connecting with the rim supply conduit connection; a piston in the piston chamber; a valve member carried by the piston cooperating with the valve opening between the piston chamber and the distributor chamber, a second valve member carried by the piston cooperating with the valve opening between the distributor chamber and the rim supply conduit connection, the flushing jet conduit being in open communication with the distributor chamber and means for maintaining open communication from lsaid rim supply conduit connection to the atmosphere; said last named means consisting of an open unobstructed conduit having an internal area at least equal to the area of the water supply pipe.

' 12. The combination with a water closet bowl provided with a flushing jet nozzle and a rim having discharge openings, a jet conduit connected to the nozzle, a conduit to the bowl, a water supply pipe, and means for successively directing water through both pipes, then directing through the iet conduit connected to the ushing jet nozzle, substantially all the flow and finally through both conduits.

13. In a Waker 'closet having a flushing jet directed into the bowl, a valve casing having communication with the iiushing jet and bowl through several paths a uid supply chamber in the valve casing having a single outlet and a valve in said casing, controlling the pressure oi.' flow of water through said outlet to said ilushing `iet and the ow of water to the bowl.

14. In a water closet including a flushing valve, a casing therefor, a plurality of conduits leading from the casing into the bowl, means for admitting fluid into the shell, and a valve operable to close one of said conduits during a portion of its movement, the other conduit being constantly open.

15. The combination with a water closet bowl, having a; flushing jet, o! a three-cycle ush valve, a casing for said valve having a chamber therein provided with a single discharge opening, said valve including a member passing through said opening and operable by the iiushing uid to control the iiow through said discharge opening.

16. In a device of the character described the combination with a water closet bowl provided with a rim having orifices therein and a jet nozzie for discharging iiuid into the bowl, a "threecycle valve in communication with said orinces and jet, a supply pipe leading to said valve for supplying fluid thereto at pressures up to one hundred pounds, the combined internal areas oi thc rim oriilces and ilushing jet being approximately ten times as great as the internal area ot said supply pipe, whereby back-buildingfof pressure is prevented.

17. The combination with a water closet bowl provided with a jet nozzle and having a supphw pipe of substantially one-half inch standard pipe line, of a flushing valve discharging the ilow of water from said supply to the bowl, a casing for said valve, said casing having anunobstructed air inlet communicating at all times with atmosphere and with the discharge side of said ilushing valve whereby back siphoning is prevented.

18. I'he combination with a water closet bowl provided with a jet nozzle and having a supply pipe, of substantially one-half inch standard pipe line, o! a ilushing valve discharging the flow of water from said supply to the bowl, a casing ior said valve, said casing having an unobstructed air inlet at least as large as the inside diameter of the supply pipe communicating at all times with atmosphere and with the discharge side of said flushing valve whereby back siphoning is prevented.

19. The combination with a water closet bowl provided with a iet nozzle and having a supply pipe or substantially one-half inch standard pipe line, of a ilushing valve discharging the ow of water from said supply to the bowl, a casing for said valve, said casing having an unobstructed air inlet communicating at all times with atmosphere and with the discharge side of said ilushing valve whereby back siphoning is prevented, and means for preventing leakage of water through said air inlet.

20. In a water closet having a flushing jet-conduit and a conduit supplying the rim thereof; a water supply pipe, and means comprising a sleeveless piston valve, actuated solely by the pressure oi' the incoming water, for directing the water from the supply pipe simultaneously to both the iiushing `iet and to the rim conduit, then entirely through the ushing jet conduit to ilush the bowl and finally through both conduits, all during the closing movement of the valve.

21. In a water closet having a ilushing jet and a conduit supplying the rim thereof; a valve casing having an inlet chamber formed with a cylinder and a distributing chamber communicating with each other through a single passage; a water inlet communication with said inlet chamber; a iet conduit in open communication with said distributing chamber; the rim conduit having an inlet throat situated in axial alignment with the passage between said chambers; a single piston head in said cylinder; a valve stem on said piston head extending through said chamber connecting passage and said throat; a valve on said stem adapted to seat on the walls of said connecting passage; means operated solely by the incoming water pressure to automatically raise and lower said valve piston; and an enlargement on said stern adapted to pass through said throat and momentarily close said throat whereby the water is directed ilrst into both the rixn conduit and the Jet conduit, then into the jet conduit alone, and ilnally into both the rim and jet conduit, all during the closing vmovement of the valve.

22. In a water closet having a flushing jet directed into the bowl, the combination of a valve casing provided with a seat, a valve cooperating with the seat, means for operating said valve to discharge water therefrom to the flushing jet, and means comprising a stem on said valve having an intermediate enlargement cooperating with a throat in said casing to cause initial and ilnal ilow of water through the iiushing jet at' relatively low pressure in insuilicient amount to ush the bowl, and an intermediate ilow through the iiushing jet at relatively high pressure to ilush the bowl, all during a unidirectional movement of the valve.

23. In a water closet having a ilushing jet and a conduit supplying iluid to the rim thereof, means for admitting uid to said Jet and rim conduit comprising a piston having a valve carried thereby, said piston and valve being operated vby the pressure of the iluid subsequently passing to the flushing jet and rim conduit.

CESARE C. CAMPUS. 

